Mormons settle Salt Lake Valley
After 17 months and many miles of travel Brigham Young leads 148 Mormon pioneers into Utahs Valley of the Great Salt Lake.Gazing over the parched earth of the remote location Young declared This is the place and the pioneers began preparations for the thousands of Mormon migrants who would follow.Seeking religious and political freedom the Mormons began planning their great migration from the east after the murder of Joseph Smith the Christian sects founder and first leader.Joseph Smith was born in Sharon Vermont in 1805.
In 1827 he declared that he had been visited by a Christian angel named Moroni who showed him an ancient Hebrew text that had been lost for 1500 years.The holy text supposedly engraved on gold plates by a Native American prophet named Mormon in the fifth century A.D.told the story of Israelite peoples who had lived in America in ancient times.
During the next few years Smith dictated an English translation of this text to his wife and other scribes and in 1830 The Book of Mormon was published.In the same year Smith founded the Church of Christlater known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintsin Fayette New York.The religion rapidly gained converts and Smith set up Mormon communities in Ohio Missouri and Illinois.However the Christian sect was also heavily criticized for its unorthodox practices which included polygamy.
In 1844 the threat of mob violence prompted Smith to call out a militia in the Mormon town of Nauvoo Illinois.He was charged with treason by Illinois authorities and imprisoned with his brother Hyrum in the Carthage city jail.On June 27 1844 an anti-Mormon mob with blackened faces stormed in and murdered the brothers.Two years later Smiths successor Brigham Young led an exodus of persecuted Mormons from Nauvoo along the western wagon trails in search of a sanctuary in a place on this earth that nobody else wants.
The expedition more than 10000 pioneers strong set up camp in present-day western Iowa while Young led a vanguard company across the Rocky Mountains to investigate Utahs Great Salt Lake Valley an arid and isolated spot devoid of human presence.On July 22 1847 most of the party reached the Great Salt Lake but Young delayed by illness did not arrive until July 24.Upon viewing the land he immediately confirmed the valley to be the new homeland of the Latter-day Saints.
Within days Young and his companions began building the future Salt Lake City at the foot of the Wasatch Mountains.Later that year Young rejoined the main body of pioneers in Iowa who named him president and prophet of the church.Having formally inherited the authority of Joseph Smith he led thousands of more Mormons to the Great Salt Lake in 1848.Other large waves of Mormon pioneers followed.
By 1852 16000 Mormons had come to the valley some in wagons and some dragging handcarts.After early difficulties Salt Lake City began to flourish.By 1869 80000 Mormons had made the trek to their promised land.In 1850 President Millard Fillmore named Brigham Young the first governor of the U.S.
territory of Utah and the territory enjoyed relative autonomy for several years.Relations became strained however when reports reached Washington that Mormon leaders were disregarding federal law and had publicly sanctioned the practice of polygamy.In 1857 President James Buchanan removed Young who had 20 wives from his position as governor and sent U.S.
Army troops to Utah to establish federal authority.Young died in Salt Lake City in 1877 and was succeeded by John Taylor as president of the church.Tensions between the territory of Utah and the federal government continued until Wilford Woodruff the new president of the Mormon church issued his Manifesto in 1890 renouncing the traditional practice of polygamy and reducing the domination of the church over Utah communities.Six years later the territory of Utah entered the Union as the 45th state.
